What is "SUCCINIC ACID" and what does it do?

Role: PH ADJUSTER

Family: ACID

Comedogenic index: 0

Succinic acid is a synthetic or biofermented ingredient used mainly in cosmetics to adjust pH, act as a chelating agent and mask unpleasant odors.

Effects on acne
Succinic acid is often touted for its beneficial effects on acne, although these marketing claims are not strongly supported by scientific research. Its beneficial potential is more indirect, but more definitive research is needed.

Studies have shown that certain strains of bacteria present on the skin, such as S. epidermidis, produce succinic acid to naturally reduce the population of C. acnes bacteria, associated with acne.

Acne pH and inflammation
Other research has shown that succinic acid may be beneficial in the fight against acne by disrupting the intercellular pH of the C. acnes strain.

The use and concentration of succinic acid
Typical use levels for succinic acid in skin care are 1 to 5%. It can be used in the same formula as salicylic acid, as the benefits of both ingredients depend on a more acidic pH range.

Succinic acid, with its high acidity (natural pH around 1), must be buffered in a solution with a pH of 3.5 or higher to avoid toxic effects on skin cells.

Some studies have shown that fermented succinic acid can reduce inflammation caused by acne bacteria, but other studies have found that it has no such properties.

Find out more about "Inci" cosmetic ingredients