Pigment spots, whether brown spots, solar lentigines, or even melasma, are a cosmetic concern for many people. Lasers are often presented as one of the most effective methods for getting rid of them. However, these spots sometimes reappear some time after treatment, causing confusion and disappointment. Why does this happen? How can it be avoided, or at least limited? In this article, we review the possible reasons for this recurrence, while exploring best practices for maximizing the results of laser treatment.

1. How do lasers work to treat pigment spots?

Lasers used in dermatology mainly target melanin, the pigment responsible for skin coloration and the appearance of spots. Depending on the technology used (Q-switched laser, fractional laser, IPL—which is not a laser per se, but intense pulsed light), the light energy is absorbed by the melanin in pigmented cells, causing them to fragment and be gradually eliminated by the immune system.

• Advantage Lasers can selectively destroy cells that are overloaded with melanin, while preserving the surrounding tissue.
• Limit Skin reactions may vary from person to person depending on sensitivity, skin type, and the type of pigmentation spot.

See this post on Instagram

A publication shared by Beautydecoded (@skincaredecoded)

2. The causes of spots reappearing after laser treatment

1. The influence of UV rays
   One of the main causes of pigment spots reappearing is exposure to the sun (or UV rays in general). Even if the initial spot has been removed, the skin retains its pigment memory and reacts strongly to UV rays. If no suitable sun protection is used, it is very likely that the treated area will repigment.
2. An excess of melanin already present
   The laser breaks down existing pigments, but it does not prevent the production of new melanin. If you have a genetic predisposition (skin that hyperpigments easily, or a high phototype) or if you suffer from melasma (marked by hyperpigmentation sometimes linked to hormones), melanin production may resume, leading to the appearance of new spots or the reactivation of old ones.
3. The role of inflammation
   Sometimes, the laser treatment itself can cause slight inflammation. In some people who are prone to post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, this irritation can stimulate melanin production. In the weeks following the session, new brown spots may appear on the treated areas, even if they are not exactly in the same location as the original spots.
4. An inappropriate or incomplete protocol
   Each type of pigment spot requires a specific protocol (several sessions, use of a particular laser, follow-up with a depigmenting cream, etc.). If the recommended protocol is not followed (not enough sessions, wrong choice of laser, lack of post-laser care, etc.), the result may be incomplete or temporary.
5. Hormonal factors
   Hormonal fluctuations (puberty, pregnancy, contraceptive use, menopause) are known to promote melanin production. This is particularly true for melasma, also known as «pregnancy mask.» Even after laser treatment, if the hormonal cause is not addressed, the spots may recur.

3. What are the best ways to prevent or limit recurrence?

1. Protecting skin from the sun
   This is the golden rule. After laser treatment (and even in everyday life), applying SPF 50+ sunscreen is essential. We recommend reapplying every two hours during prolonged exposure and using accessories such as a wide-brimmed hat or sunglasses.
2. Practice a good post-laser skincare routine
   • Moisturize Use gentle, non-irritating moisturizers to help the skin regenerate.
   • Avoid harsh products During the healing phase, avoid excessive mechanical exfoliation and cosmetics containing high concentrations of acids (AHA, BHA) or irritating active ingredients, unless otherwise advised by your dermatologist.
   • Use depigmenting creams Some dermatologists recommend creams containing kojic acid, azelaic acid, hydroquinone (prescription only), or vitamin C to slow down melanin production.
3. Follow the practitioner's recommendations
   For optimal and long-lasting results, it is essential to follow your doctor or dermatologist's advice to the letter. This includes the number of sessions, the intervals between each session, the importance of regular follow-ups, and the possibility of maintenance sessions.
4. Anticipating risk factors
   • If you know that your spots are related to a hormonal factor, discuss this with your dermatologist or gynecologist. They will be able to guide you towards complementary solutions (another method of contraception, suitable hormone treatment, etc.).
   • If your skin is prone to developing post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, talk to your doctor before undergoing any laser treatment. They will be able to adjust the laser power and the time between sessions, or prescribe preventive care.
5. Have realistic expectations
   Pigmentation spots, especially when they are old or related to hormonal factors, do not always disappear completely with 100 %. Laser treatment can greatly improve the appearance of the skin, but long-term follow-up is often necessary to maintain the results obtained.

4. Should you be concerned if the spots reappear?

The reappearance of pigment spots after laser treatment is not necessarily a sign of failure. This is often a normal phenomenon, especially if sun exposure has not been controlled or if hormonal factors persist. However, if you notice a rapid and significant return of spots, it is best to contact your dermatologist. They will be able to adjust your treatment plan (changing the type of laser, adding a chemical peel, or prescribing more powerful depigmenting agents).

5. In summary

• The laser targets melanin to lighten or remove brown spots.
• Stains may reappear under the influence of multiple factors: sun exposure, inflammation, hormonal imbalances, failure to follow the protocol or post-laser care instructions.
• Protecting your skin from the sun and adopt appropriate care (depigmenting creams, moisturizing, gentle routine) is essential to maintain results.
• Dermatological follow-up is the key to adjusting the frequency and intensity of laser sessions and preventing the reappearance of spots as much as possible.

In conclusion, if your pigmentation spots reappear after laser treatment, it is essential to understand the underlying reasons and adopt a suitable protective routine. This inevitably involves strict sun protection, paying close attention to your hormonal status, and regular follow-up appointments with your dermatologist. Although laser treatment remains an excellent option for reducing spots, a long-term commitment is often necessary to keep them under control.

Disclaimer: This article provides general information and is not a substitute for personalized medical advice. If you have any questions or concerns about your skin and health, consult a healthcare professional.

Make the right choices for your skin

Say goodbye to unnecessary get visible results!

Our artificial intelligence recommends personalized cosmetics.