Sensitive, reactive, or allergic skin: never confuse them again thanks to these key signs
Does your skin feel tight, itchy, or red at the slightest contact with a cosmetic product or change in temperature? Are you wondering if you have sensitive, reactive, or allergic skin? These three skin conditions share similar symptoms, but their causes and reactions are quite distinct. Correctly identifying your skin type is essential for adopting a suitable skincare routine and avoiding adverse reactions. Let's take a look at the differences and the best solutions to soothe your skin.
What is sensitive skin?
Sensitive skin is not a skin type in itself (like dry, oily, or combination skin), but rather a temporary or chronic condition. It is characterized by excessive reactivity to external and internal aggressors, such as cold, heat, stress, or certain cosmetic products.
How can you recognize it?
Common symptoms include:
- Tugging and discomfort
- Diffuse redness
- Tingling or burning sensations
- Reactions to cosmetics or climate change
Why does skin become sensitive?
A disruption in the hydrolipidic film (the skin's natural barrier) is often to blame. This protective layer is supposed to prevent dehydration and block irritants. When it is weakened, the skin becomes more vulnerable and reacts excessively to external stimuli.
Reactive skin: How does it differ from sensitive skin?
Reactive skin has the same symptoms as sensitive skin, but with one difference: it reacts immediately and in an exaggerated manner to certain specific triggers such as:
- Temperature variations
- Pollution
- Emotional stress
- Certain cosmetic ingredients
Unlike simply sensitive skin, reactive skin only shows signs of discomfort when exposed to a trigger.
How can you calm reactive skin?
- Identify and avoid triggers
- Use ultra-gentle skincare products that are free from fragrance and harsh ingredients.
- Apply soothing and anti-inflammatory creams
- Limit exposure to extreme temperature changes
How can you recognize allergic skin?
Unlike sensitive or reactive skin, allergic skin reacts only in the presence of a specific allergen. Symptoms may appear immediately or up to 72 hours after exposure. They manifest as:
- Bright, localized redness
- Intense itching
- Hives or swelling
- Dry skin with flaking
- Contact eczema outbreak
What are the most common allergens?
Cosmetics and everyday products may contain allergenic substances such as:
- Preservatives (parabens, phenoxyethanol)
- Perfumes and essential oils
- Heavy metals (nickel)
- Chemicals contained in hair dyes
What to do in case of skin allergy?
- Identify the allergen by consulting a dermatologist or performing a skin test.
- Strictly avoid any contact with the substance responsible.
- Choose hypoallergenic and dermatologically tested skincare products.
- Apply a corticosteroid cream in case of a severe reaction (on medical advice).
