Ceramides, azelaic acid - formula analysis and market comparison - BeautyDecoded data
Article written by Dr Sylvain David - Plastic and aesthetic surgeon - Updated: March 2026
This content is for informational and educational purposes only. It does not constitute a medical consultation. BeautyDecoded application allows you to choose cosmetics adapted to your skin type thanks to artificial intelligence.
Ceramides are the main lipids in the epidermal intercellular cement. about 50 % of stratum corneum lipids. This cement holds the corneocytes together: the cells are the bricks, the lipids are the mortar. When ceramides decline (age, UV, aggressive detergents, atopy), the consequences are direct.
| Ceramide type | Structure | Role in the skin barrier |
| Ceramide 1 (EOS) | Esterified fatty acid + sphingosine | Bridge between lipid lamellae - barrier cohesion |
| Ceramide 3 (NP) | Non-hydroxy fatty acid + phytosphingosine | Hydration and skin suppleness |
| Ceramide 6-II (AP) | Alpha-hydroxy fatty acid + phytosphingosine | Regulation of desquamation and cohesion |
| Phytosphingosine | Vegetable sphingoid base | Ceramide precursor, anti-inflammatory |
Note on BeautyDecoded reviews: the ratings and review excerpts displayed on this page come from users of the BeautyDecoded application. These reviews are not verified. Publication dates and review details are available on each product sheet.
«Ceramides are one of the active ingredients I talk about most in consultations. Not because it's trendy - because it's biologically sound. Rebuilding intercellular cement with the same molecules naturally present in the skin is the most rational approach to treating a deficient barrier.»
- Dr Sylvain David, Plastic Surgeon and Researcher
THERAMID's positioning in high-concentration ceramides is differentiating on paper. But without indication of ceramide types and concentrations, However, comparison with established benchmarks remains approximate.
| Brand | Ceramide approach | Price | Clinical evidence |
| CeraVe | Ceramides 1/3/6-II + MVE 24h + AH + niacinamide | ~12 € / 340 g | Very solid - published independent studies |
| Avene XeraCalm | Biomimetic lipids + thermal extracts + ecobioline | ~15 € / 200 ml | Solid - documented atopic skin |
| Byoma | Tri-ceramides + niacinamide + green tea | ~16 € / 50 ml | Correct - verifiable claims |
| THERAMID (ceramides range) | Ceramide concentrates - unspecified types | ~40-60 € | Limited - in-house studies only |
| THERAMID AZID | Azelaic acid 15% - active ingredient documented | ~38 € / 30 ml | Documented assets + BeautyDecoded notice |
Two Theramid products are present in the BeautyDecoded database with real reviews: AZID (azelaic acid 15%) and C-Tetra E.F. (vitamin C serum). Both products are analyzed with full algorithmic scores and verified user reviews.
5/5 5.00/5 - 5 opinion BeautyDecoded | Price : ~38 € / 30 ml | Range : THERAMID
BeautyDecoded algorithmic scores
| Profile / Issues | Score |
| Dry skin | 77.0 |
| Oily skin | 91.0 |
| Normal to dry skin | 91.0 |
| Normal to oily skin | 91.0 |
| Sensitive skin | 0.1 |
| Anti-aging | 49.3 |
| Imperfections | 88.4 |
| Redness | 93.5 |
| Stains | 88.4 |
Verdict Sensitivity (Dr David rule) : Suitable for sensitive skin (score : 0.1)
Expert deciphering
Azelaic acid 15 % - concentration corresponding to the clinically validated therapeutic threshold (15 % in cosmetics, 20 % in prescribed medical formulations). Redness score: 93.5 - exceptional, the highest in the Theramid catalog and among the best of all catalogs combined. Blemishes score: 88.4 and spots: 88.4 - tri-action profile consistent with AA's documented mechanisms (anti-keratolytic, anti-inflammatory, anti-pigmentation).
Sensitive skin score: +0.1 - perfectly adapted, a remarkable signal for an active ingredient at 15 % that usually irritates. This score is confirmed by reviews: several rosacea sufferers who have had problems with other 15 % AA formulations (burning, tingling) have adopted AZID without any reaction - a sign of careful galenic formulation.
Oily skin score: 91 - optimal. BeautyDecoded score: 5/5 out of 5 reviews - the best score in the Theramid catalog, with a significant volume of reviews. This product is a concrete demonstration that Theramid can formulate with rigor: a documented active ingredient (AA 15%), an indicated concentration, and confirmed results on rosacea and redness.
Source : Draelos ZD et al. Azelaic acid 15% gel in the treatment of rosacea. J Drugs Dermatol. 2006.
My analysis
«AZID is the Theramid product that convinces a doctor - documented active ingredient (azelaic acid 15 %), indicated concentration, exceptional redness score (93.5), optimal sensitivity score (+0.1). BeautyDecoded's rating (5/5 out of 5 reviews) confirms the product's superior tolerance and efficacy on rosacea-prone skin compared to other AA 15 % formulations on the market. This is the level of rigor that the entire THERAMID range should achieve.»
Verdict: TOP - Best Theramid product. Redness score 93.5 and imperfections 88.4. Tolerance on rosacea confirmed. Well-formulated azelaic acid 15 %.
BeautyDecoded user reviews (5 reviews in total)
5/5 «Vascular and inflammatory rosacea. After burning and tingling with other marques to 15% AA, I switched to 10% formulations. Theramid AZID at 15% is finally tolerated without these discomforts.»
5/5 «Hyper-sensitive oily skin with rosacea: helps me enormously. My discovery of the year.»
5/5 «Very pleasant texture, absorbs well, does not fluff. Very well tolerated by my sensitive skin. Skin is refined and less red.»
5/5 «Top serum. Blends very well into the skin without irritating. A little expensive.»
5/5 «Not too effective on my skin after 1 month, but texture less dry than other azelaic acid products.»
4/5 4.25/5 - 2 opinion BeautyDecoded | Price : ~42 € / 30 ml | Range : THERAMID
BeautyDecoded algorithmic scores
| Profile / Issues | Score |
| Dry skin | 94.0 |
| Oily skin | 63.5 |
| Normal to dry skin | 91.0 |
| Normal to oily skin | 71.0 |
| Sensitive skin | 0.0 |
| Anti-aging | 83.3 |
| Imperfections | 21.3 |
| Redness | 0.0 |
| Stains | 86.7 |
Verdict Sensitivity (Dr David rule) : Suitable for sensitive skin (score : 0)
Expert deciphering
Serum based on a vitamin C derivative (tetrahexyldecyl ascorbate - THDA - indicated in the INCI). THDA is a lipophilic derivative of ascorbic acid, more stable than pure ascorbic acid, and does not require an acidic pH to penetrate the skin barrier. It is converted into active ascorbic acid once in keratinocytes. Blemish score: 86.7 and anti-aging score: 83.3 - relevant. Sensitive skin score: 0 - perfectly suited.
The phrase «beware of very strong odor» in the reviews is a formulatic signal to note for a lipophilic derivative - ascorbic acid esters can give off a characteristic odor when partially oxidized. This signal does not disqualify the product, but is worth mentioning at the time of purchase.
BeautyDecoded score: 4.25/5 out of 2 reviews - insufficient statistical basis. Both reviews confirm good tolerance on sensitive skin and use for prevention rather than active correction. No spectacular glow effect reported.
My analysis
«C-Tetra E.F. is a correct vitamin C serum with a lipophilic derivative (THDA) well suited to sensitive skin (score 0). Spot score 86.7 relevant. But at €42 / 30 ml, Paula's Choice C15 Super Booster (pure ascorbic acid with calibrated pH, documented antioxidant trio, €55) remains the benchmark. Strong odor reported in reviews - check when purchasing.»
Verdict: - Vitamin C derivative tolerant (sensitive skin 0). Stains 86.7. Odor reported. Less stringent than pure ascorbic acid at calibrated pH (Paula's Choice, C-Firma).
BeautyDecoded user reviews (2 reviews in total)
4/5 «Very well tolerated by my sensitive skin. No spectacular effects or extra glow. I use it for prevention.»
4/5 «Very good product derived from vitamin C. Beware of the very strong smell. Still being tested.»
Please note: The following products (Day Cream, Firming Serum, Cleansing Gel, Toner, Micellar Solution) are not yet included in the BeautyDecoded database. Analysis is based on INCI formulation and brand communication.
Coherent formulation concept: ceramides to reconstitute the barrier + SPF to protect it from the UV rays that degrade it. However, ceramide concentrations are not indicated, the type of UV filter is not specified, and the clinical studies available are internal data. At this price, CeraVe + Anthelios UVMune 400 separately offer better-documented performance.
Verdict: Coherent concept (ceramides + SPF). Lack of transparency on filter concentrations and type. Less expensive documented alternatives.
Firming Serum is based on plant extracts «recognized for their firming properties» - a marketing formulation with no independent clinical data. For a firming serum with published evidence: copper peptides GHK-Cu (Nooance, The Ordinary Multi-Peptides) or retinol (SVR Ampoule A) have independent clinical documentation. THERAMID Firming Serum cannot be compared with these references without equivalent data.
Verdict: Plant-based firming ingredients without independent clinical data. Better-documented alternatives at comparable prices.
Gentle gel-textured cleanser without SLS. Correct formula with no identified differentiating active ingredient. Better-documented fragrance-free alternatives exist at lower cost (CeraVe Gel Moussant ~€10, Bioderma Créaline Gel Moussant ~€10). The added ceramide value of a cleanser is limited - rinsing eliminates the active ingredients before they can take effect.
Verdict: Fairly mild cleaner. No differentiator compared to cheaper alternatives (~€10). Ceramide added value as a cleanser is low (rinsing).
Two problems identified during use: (1) insufficient make-up removal on mascara and eye make-up, (2) stinging of the eyes - a major problem for a micellar water whose main use is around the eyes. A micellar water that stings the eyes has a concentration or type of surfactant unsuited to the periorbital area. Bioderma Sensibio H2O (~€12) has been solving this problem since 1991, with surfactants specifically selected for their ocular harmlessness.
Verdict: FLOP - Tingling eyes + insufficient make-up removal. Alternative: Sensibio H2O Bioderma (~€12).
NicheBeautyLab has the right ambition - ceramides are a serious asset. But three elements are missing:
- Transparency on concentrations : What type of ceramides (1, 3, 6-II?), at what concentration, in what ratio? Without this information, it's impossible to make an objective comparison with CeraVe or Avène XeraCalm.
- Independent clinical studies : All available data are internal studies. Publications in peer-reviewed journals by independent laboratories would validate claims of superior efficacy.
- Price justification : At €40-60 for ceramide-based skincare, the brand is up against CeraVe (€12), Byoma (€16) and Avène XeraCalm (€15), whose formulas are better documented. The «high concentration» must be quantified to justify the difference.
- AZID is a positive exception: Azelaic acid 15% (AZID) illustrates what the whole range should be: documented active ingredient, indicated concentration, superior tolerance confirmed by BeautyDecoded reviews (5/5 out of 5 reviews). This is the direction to follow.
Are THERAMID ceramides superior to CeraVe ceramides?
Impossible to assess objectively without knowing the exact types and concentrations of ceramides used by THERAMID. CeraVe uses ceramides 1, 3 and 6-II (the three most important forms in human epidermis) combined with MVE Technology (24-hour sustained release), with independent published clinical data. THERAMID claims a «high concentration» without these details.
When should a ceramide treatment be considered?
As soon as the skin barrier shows signs of weakening: persistent dryness, frequent tightness, reactional redness, unusual sensitivity to products normally tolerated. As a preventive treatment for normal skin from the age of 25-30. As a base treatment for atopic skin or as a post-treatment (retinol, AHA, laser).
Are there better alternatives to THERAMID for ceramides?
Yes, with stronger clinical data and lower prices: CeraVe (ceramides 1/3/6-II + MVE, ~€12), Avène XeraCalm A.D. Baume (biomimetic lipids + ecobioline, ~€15), Byoma Gel-Crème (tri-ceramides + niacinamide, ~€16). For azelaic acid: Nooance Soin Clarifiant (AA 15% + BHA) or Typology AA 10%. AZID THERAMID remains relevant for rosacea, thanks to its proven tolerance at 15 %.
Can THERAMID skincare be combined with retinol?
Yes - ceramides are precisely what we combine with retinol to limit its irritation. Niacinamide is even more effective for this purpose (stimulation of endogenous ceramides + anti-inflammatory). The ideal order: retinol in the evening, ceramides on top to seal in moisture and repair the barrier.
What is the BeautyDecoded application?
BeautyDecoded uses artificial intelligence to help you choose the right cosmetics for your skin type. The application analyzes INCI formulations and generates compatibility scores for 80 skin types. It is not a medical consultation, but rather a means of objectively selecting products according to a precise skin profile.
BeautyDecoded - The science of skin. Without marketing.
Information for educational purposes only. This information does not replace a medical consultation. Dr Sylvain David, Plastic Surgeon, Researcher and Youtuber.