Skin pores are often misunderstood and sometimes even demonized, but they play an essential role in the health and appearance of your skin. Understanding their different types, functions, and reasons for enlargement can help you adopt a more informed and effective skincare routine.

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Types of skin pores

1. Sebaceous pores

These pores, also known as «ostia» (singular: «ostium»), are connected to the sebaceous glands. They produce and distribute sebum to the surface of the epidermis, playing a crucial role in moisturizing and protecting the skin. They are present on almost the entire body, with the exception of certain areas such as the palms of the hands and soles of the feet.

2. Sweat pores

These pores, invisible to the naked eye, allow sweat produced by the sweat glands to be released. They are distributed throughout the body, with a higher concentration on the palms, soles of the feet, and forehead.

The essential roles of skin pores

Skin pores perform several vital functions for the skin:

• Thermal regulation : Sweat pores allow sweat to be released, helping to maintain a stable body temperature.
• Hydration and protection : Sebaceous pores secrete sebum, a substance that forms a protective barrier on the skin.
• Waste disposal They facilitate the elimination of dead cells and toxins.
• Nutrient absorption : Sebaceous pores play a role in the absorption of active ingredients present in skin care products.

Why do sebaceous pores become enlarged?

The enlargement of sebaceous pores can be caused by several factors:

• Excessive sebum production This overproduction can clog pores and cause them to enlarge.
• Accumulation of pollution and dead cells These elements can form blockages, leading to blackheads.
• Skin aging : With age, the loss of collagen and elastin causes the skin to sag, making pores more visible.
• External factors A diet high in fat, smoking, and the use of comedogenic products also aggravate pore dilation.

Blackheads: Causes and Prevention

Blackheads, or open comedones, form when pores become clogged with a mixture of dead skin cells and sebum, which oxidizes on contact with air.

How can blackheads be prevented?

• Assets: Retinol, Azelaic acid and niacinamide.
• Daily cleaning Use a gentle cleanser to remove impurities without damaging the skin.
• Regular exfoliation Chemical or mechanical exfoliation helps unclog pores and prevent the buildup of dead skin cells.
• Hydration Well-hydrated skin is less likely to produce excess sebum.
• Sun protection : UV rays promote thickening of the skin, which can eventually clog pores.

Chemical exfoliation

AHAs, BHAs, and PHAs are acids that work by dissolving the bonds between dead cells. They penetrate more or less deeply depending on their structure and are suitable for different skin types. For example, salicylic acid (BHA) is ideal for oily skin.

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